Sociodemographic factors and its correlation with schema modes and PTSD among orthopedic trauma survivors

Abstract

ObjectiveThe study aimed to examine the correlation between sociodemographic factors, schema modes, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in individual who have experienced trauma. MethodA total of 137 patients participated in the study, including 104 men, and 33 women. The Urdu- translated Schema Mode Inventory and the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS for DSM-5) were used. ResultsThe study found significant positive correlation between demographic factors such as age, gender, education, economic status, and type of injury with PTSD symptoms in orthopedic trauma survivors. The results further indicated, that gender (both male and female), level of education, and socio-economic status were significantly positive associated with PTSD symptoms. While, 50.7 % of patients with closed fractures and 62.1 % of those with open fractures showed PTSD symptoms, no clear association was found between PTSD symptoms and the type of trauma experienced. Additionally, female patients showed significantly higher PTSD symptoms than male. The finding also revealed that child mode, and maladaptive punitive parents had significant impact on PTSD development, whereas, maladaptive coping styles and adaptive schemas had no influence on PTSD symptoms.Moreover, patients with grade-I fractures and intentional injuries showed significantly higher maladaptive schema modes. ConclusionThe study concluded that demographic characteristics, such as gender, education and socioeconomic status play an important role in development of PTSD symptoms in orthopaedic trauma survivors. In addition, maladaptive schema modes significantly contribute to PTSD symptoms, while coping styles and adaptive schema modes have no impact.