Abstract
Background: Dental and periodontal diseases are a public health problem over the world, however little is known about individual characteristics or behaviors associated with self-reported oral status during pregnancy. This cross-sectional study examines the relationships between pregnancy and Dental and Periodontal Health (DPH), socio-demographic factors and DPH, and health behavioral factors and DPH. Study design: This study adopted a cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational research design to investigate the current oral health related health behavior, and socio-demographic disparities in pregnant and non-pregnant women in the MARRAKESH region in Morocco. Methods: Participants (n=539, 251 pregnant, and 288 non-pregnant women), recruited from two health centers in the Marrakesh region (urban and rural), completed questionnaires addressing: Education, economic status, dental insurance, self-reported DPH, oral hygiene practices, and dental care utilization. Results: 162 women were urban and 87 were rural in the pregnant group, while 226 women were urban vs 62 in the non-pregnant group. Also, 181 women were educated and 68 were illiterate in the pregnant group while 238 women were educated and 50 were illiterate in the non-pregnant women group. Moreover, pregnant women brush less frequently than non-pregnant women, dental visits were more important amongst non-pregnant women than pregnant women, and only 37 pregnant women visited a dentist while 82 pregnant women visited a dental quack. Conclusion: This study highlights the effect of pregnancy and sociodemographic disparities on self-reported DPH, and provides useful findings for preventive and therapeutic interventions.
Highlights
Four billion people over the world are affected by oral diseases [1,2]
This study highlights the effect of pregnancy and sociodemographic disparities on self-reported Dental and Periodontal Health (DPH), and provides useful findings for preventive and therapeutic interventions
Poor oral hygiene, increased acidity in the oral cavity, sugary dietary and hormonal changes increase the risk of developing oral health problems such as dental decay, gingivitis or gingival inflammation and periodontitis [8,9,10]
Summary
Four billion people over the world are affected by oral diseases [1,2]. Tooth decay is one of the most frequent oral diseases which is an infectious disease due to biological, behavioral and socioeconomic factors and causing pain and stress with negative effects on the quality of life of pregnant women [3,4,5]. Pregnancy is a state of progressive physical, psychological, and hormonal changes [6,7]. Poor oral hygiene, increased acidity in the oral cavity, sugary dietary and hormonal changes increase the risk of developing oral health problems such as dental decay, gingivitis or gingival inflammation and periodontitis [8,9,10]. Dental and periodontal diseases are a public health problem over the world, little is known about individual characteristics or behaviors associated with self-reported oral status during pregnancy. This cross-sectional study examines the relationships between pregnancy and Dental and Periodontal Health (DPH), socio-demographic factors and DPH, and health behavioral factors and DPH
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