Sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with the decision time for seeking care in acute myocardial infarction

Fernanda Carneiro Mussi,Andreia Santos Mendes,Mariana De Almeida Moraes Gibaut,Carla Almeida Damasceno,Carlos Antonio De Souza Teles Santos,Armênio Costa Guimarães

doi:10.1590/0104-1169.3178.2361

Abstract

this study aimed to analyze the interaction of gender in the association between decision time for seeking healthcare services and the sociodemographic and clinical variables. this exploratory, cross-sectional study was performed with 100 individuals interviewed in hospitals in Salvador, Bahia. The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and the robust linear regression model were used in the analysis. A statistical significance of 5% was adopted. men and women presented long decision times. The decision time was less for smokers and those with constant and/or severe pain. There was an interaction between gender and smoking and between gender and pain radiating to the neck or jaw for the decision time outcome. decision times were long and were influenced by clinical and gender variables. The study provides support for nursing care practices focused on the specificity of these factors and of the genders aiming to reduce the decision time.

Highlights

Acute coronary syndromes are the leading worldwide cause of morbidity and mortality
Every year 7.1 million deaths occur due to coronary artery disease (CAD), with estimates of 11.1 million in 2020(1)
Half of all acute myocardial infarction (AMI) deaths occur within the first hour after the onset of symptoms[4], with survival depending on early treatment[1]

Summary

Introduction

Every year 7.1 million deaths occur due to coronary artery disease (CAD), with estimates of 11.1 million in 2020(1). Half of all AMI deaths occur within the first hour after the onset of symptoms[4], with survival depending on early treatment[1]. The time elapsed between the onset of symptoms and the coronary reperfusion is a determinant factor for the clinical course of the AMI[5], as the effectiveness of coronary reperfusion therapies is time-dependent[5,6]. One challenge is to identify the factors that contribute to the prehospital delay (time between the onset of symptoms and arrival at an emergency department) in patients with AMI[7]. Gender may be a factor that differentiates behavior when faced with AMI[9]

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Discussion

Conclusion