Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective This study estimated the combined prevalence of insufficient number of hours of sleep per day and excess body adiposity among young students. The sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics associated with this concurrent health conditions were investigated. Methods This is a cross-sectional school-based study of 975 participants aged 11-14 years in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Body adiposity was assessed based on tricipital and subscapular skinfold measurements and classified according to Lohman. The total number of hours of sleep per day was reported by the students’ parents/guardians, and it was classified as follows: as <8 hours per day and ≥8 hours per day. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, food consumption, and physical activity were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression with a 5% significance level were used to evaluate the association between the variables. Results The combined prevalence of insufficient number of hours of sleep per day and excess body adiposity was 25.1% (CI95%:20.7-29.9). The sociodemographic and behavioral factors predictive of these conditions were as follows: 13-14 year age group and household monthly income in the intermediate tertile. Conclusion The concurrent presence of insufficient sleep and excess body adiposity was found in a little more than a quarter of the students investigated. The population subgroups belonging to the 13-14 year age group and intermediate tertile of income were more likely to have concurrent insufficient number of hours of sleep per day and excess body adiposity.
Highlights
There is a bidirectional causal relationship between hours of sleep and body adiposity, in which in sufficient sleep affects the regulation of basal energy metabolism, and it increases body adiposity [1,2]
The population subgroups belonging to the 13-14 year age group and intermediate tertile of income were more likely to have concurrent insufficient number of hours of sleep per day and excess body adiposity
Excess body adiposity is associated with greater consumption of unhealthy foods and decrease in physical activity, which contributes to reduced sleep quality, excessive sleepiness, and consequent decreased sleep duration [1,2,3,4]
Summary
There is a bidirectional causal relationship between hours of sleep and body adiposity, in which in sufficient sleep affects the regulation of basal energy metabolism, and it increases body adiposity [1,2]. Excess body adiposity is associated with greater consumption of unhealthy foods and decrease in physical activity, which contributes to reduced sleep quality, excessive sleepiness, and consequent decreased sleep duration [1,2,3,4]. A systematic review study identified the 16.6%-35.8% prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents aged 12-19 years in Latin. In Brazil, a research carried out between 2013 and 2014 with a representative sample of students found that prevalence of overweight of 17.1% and prevalence of obesity of 8.4% among adolescents aged 12-17 years between 2013 and 2014 [6]. Shortened daily sleep duration is another problem affecting the adolescent population. A study using data from surveys conducted from 1905-2008 identified a secular trend to decline daily sleep duration among children and adolescents [7]. In Brazil, the prevalence of insufficient daily sleep (
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