Abstract
This paper examines the irrigation practices of rural households and communities just before the introduction of large-scale irrigation projects in Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey. The study is based on fieldwork carried out by the authors in 1993. It is hoped that the sociological conceptualization of irrigation practices in the region will pave the way for development of a sociology of irrigation in Turkey. The present study viewed irrigation as a very powerful tool in transforming the sociocultural structures and social habits and/or habitus of a rural community. Almost no other tool can create such a complete change in the total socioeconomic order of a region. Yet it must be stated at the outset that the management, organization and maintenance (MOM) models to be established at farm and village levels must take the existing sociocultural structures of the communities into account. Hence the colossal physical dam construction efforts are to be complemented with the development of an interactive MOM model which should be responsive to the economic, social and cultural structures of rural communities in Turkey.
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