Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of semantic features and derivational potential of socio-political words of Chinese origin, as well as the peculiarities of their functioning in the Russian language. The study describes 28 loanwords with socio-political semantics, which are recorded in the Russian dictionaries and used on the Internet. The research method is based on the functional approach to linguistic units focusing on their comprehension and systematization via a combination of semasiological (from the form to the meaning) and onomasiological (from the meaning to the function) analyses. The first kind of analysis is used at the initial, structural-semantic stage of investigation of derivatives; the second one is carried out while studying their functioning in the Russian language. In addition to purely linguistic methods, the article employs a quantitative one. The author has worked out a semantic classification of socio-political words borrowed into the Russian language from Chinese. The article analyzes the specificity of adaptation of these lexical units on various linguistic levels: phonetic, semantic and derivational. It has been found that 56 derivatives are formed in the modern Russian language on the basis of these lexemes. The article characterizes their derivational structure and semantics. It is stressed that the realization of the derivational potential of loanwords is associated with the urgency of the Chinese socio-political phenomenon for the Russian-speaking community. Thus, it has turned out that the personal name of Mao Zedong has the highest derivational capacity (20 derivatives). In addition, the author analyzes the specific features of functioning of socio-political words of Chinese origin in different areas of communication - the majority of them are used in their direct meanings; in some cases they develop a terminological flavor. Nevertheless, in publicist discourse, these words are capable of reflecting the attitude of Russian speakers to the socio-political phenomena of China.
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