Socio-historical knowledge: the experience of philosophical-epistemological reflection

Vasiliy Strelchenko,Maxim Bakhtin,Evgenii Ivanov,Vitaliy Balakhonsky,Liudmila Balakhonskaya,A Zheltenkov,A Mottaeva

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202128411027

Abstract

The fact that the principle of pluralism of opinions prevails in today's socio-historical knowledge shows that the “postmodern condition” (J-F. Lyotard), which began in the late 70s and early 80s of the twentieth century, expresses the characteristic and most significant features of its epistemological situation. This situation is characterized by a fundamental change of emphasis in the approach itself, not even to the solution, but to the very formulation of the problem of the truth values and the conditions for the reliability of the statements put forward. In the recent past, it was almost generally accepted to consider the issues of reliability of socio-historical knowledge as essentially methodological and to associate the possibility of understanding the truth with the improvement of the system of instruments of the scientific method, then in recent decades, the situation has radically changed. Under the influence of strengthening the position of the “postmodern condition", we are no longer talking about criterion (methodological, logical, epistemological, etc.), but about the meaning of truth in general, and socio-historical truth in particular.

Highlights

Knowledge in general, and in its socio-historical representations, in particular, reveals in the twentieth and at the beginning of the twenty-first century obvious features of the loss of certainty due to the almost insurmountable difficulties of interpreting truth values
Under the influence of arguments in favor of the historicity of scientific knowledge (German classics, first positivism, Marxism, postpositivism, etc.), the crisis of the foundations of mathematical natural science at the beginning of the twentieth century, the loss of logic and mathematics of the meaning of universal languages for describing and strengthening the ideas of a plurality of types of rationality, the modern epistemological situation in sociohistorical knowledge is characterized by almost boundless pluralism of opinions [1]
In its most "extremist" version, this position is expressed by the well-known maxim that reads: "It is not a man who speaks of himself through language, but a language that speaks of itself through man." the failure of the attempts made on this path to eliminate "metaphysics" by means of logical and mathematical analysis and modeling the language of science with the help of the developed artificial languages

Summary

Introduction

In its socio-historical representations, in particular, reveals in the twentieth and at the beginning of the twenty-first century obvious features of the loss of certainty due to the almost insurmountable difficulties of interpreting truth values. Under the influence of arguments in favor of the historicity of scientific knowledge (German classics, first positivism, Marxism, postpositivism, etc.), the crisis of the foundations of mathematical natural science at the beginning of the twentieth century, the loss of logic and mathematics of the meaning of universal languages for describing and strengthening the ideas of a plurality of types of rationality, the modern epistemological situation in sociohistorical knowledge is characterized by almost boundless pluralism of opinions [1]. First of all, is that objective reality, or " things as they exist "in themselves", are not directly given to us, and in each particular case, we are talking about the correspondence of socio-historical (or natural-historical) knowledge to experimentally established empirical facts

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion