Socio-economic Aspects Influencing Rural Household Adoption of Improved Clean Cook Stoves Case Study: Rwanda

Niyonshuti Emmanuel,Mushinzimana Isaac

doi:10.11648/j.ajme.20210704.11

Abstract

The major causes of deforestation worldwide from human activities is the reliance of world population on the biomass fuel for domestic energy consumption through cooking, water boiling, heating and lighting, the usage of biomass in inefficient way increase the fuel demand for the household. Despite of multiple social economic, health and environmental benefit of improved cook stove program, the program failed to capture the recognition worldwide and a set of sociocultural, economic, institutional barriers and cook stove and fuel characteristics contribute to the slow adoption of this program. This paper provides an evidence of household driving factors that play a crucial role in the uptake of improved cook stove empirically in Rwanda. The study was based on fifth integrated household living standards survey (EICV-5) carried by National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda. Using binary logistic regression analysis, the study shows that homeownership, age of household head, household location and household size are the main significant household factors influencing the adoption of improved cook stove while value of cook stove, amount spent on cooking fuel and time spend on cooking fuels are the most significant stove and fuel factors determining the adoption of usage of improved cook stove. The study revealed that for substantially improved rate of adoption they should be consistent and focused cooperation of government and non -governmental organizations to work in parallel for developing energy policy frameworks like dissemination of improved cook stoves.

Highlights

Worldwide, energy is very crucial in meeting households’ basic need majorly for cooking, water boiling, heating and lighting
The Theoretical Framework Binary logistic regression is frequently used as regression approach for evaluating discrete choice data such as household adoption improved cook stove, household adoption of improved cook stove is modeled as dictums variables with values 1 if household adopt cook stove and 0 otherwise, the probability of household adoption of improved stove is formulated as function of household level driving factors, the predictor variable in the model include attributes of individual and household characteristics that could influence the decision to adopt improved solid fuel stove, According to the study, binary logistic regression model has two practical advantages, where the simplicity is the first one, this emprise that logistic equation is very simple
The adoption of improved cook stove is highly reliant on the household’s homeownership, total income, age of household head and the number household members while household location especially urban region slow the adoption whereas the household with polygamous household head are likely to adopt improved cook stoves so the adoption is increased by increase in household total income

Summary

Introduction

Energy is very crucial in meeting households’ basic need majorly for cooking, water boiling, heating and lighting. Worldwide over 3billion people rely on solid fuels including biomass materials as the main source of energy for the household and more than 90% of the consumption took place in developing countries [21]. The study Designate that the traditional fuels and stove to be inefficiency and are presumed to contribute about a third of worldwide carbon monoxide emission and other pollutants in biomass smoke affecting global climate change [19]. Household’s solid fuel low combustion affects both local and region quality of air to a long extend and influence human health [1] and [10] revealed that Globally exposure to smoke from household solid combustion is one the largest risk factor resulting in proximately 3.5 million premature death 4.5 global DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life years) in 2010. The pollutants emissions resulted from the process of fuels combustion are influenced by factors including fuels properties and stove design. [20] Illustrated that if no action takes place by 2030 approximately 0.9 million of population will die from infection associated with solid fuels cooking

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Conclusion