Socio-demographic factors of cesarean births in Nha Trang city, Vietnam: a community-based survey

Mizuki Takegata,Michiko Toizumi,Noriko Kitamura,Chihiro Iwasaki,Hiroyuki Moriuchi,Hien Anh T Nguyen,Carine Ronsmans,Lay-Myint Yoshida,Duc Anh Dang

doi:10.1186/s41182-020-00239-2

Abstract

BackgroundThe cesarean section rate in Vietnam has been increasing especially in urban area. However, limited evidence identified regarding socio-demographic factors of the cesarean section birth. The objective of this study was to determine the current cesarean birth rate and the associated socio-demographic factors among mothers in Nha Trang city, south-central Vietnam.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between October and November in 2016 as part of a Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage survey conducted in 27 communes of Nha Trang city. From each commune, 120 mothers and their children less than 2 years old were randomly selected. Mothers were asked to answer standardized questions regarding socio-demographic information and mode of birth. Multivariate logistic regression was adopted to examine associations between socio-demographic variables and mode of birth.ResultsOf 3148 participants, the number of cesarean births was 1396 (44.3 %). Older maternal age (≥ 30 years old), having another child going to school or kindergarten, monthly income more than 644 USD, gestational weeks at birth over 42 weeks, and low (< 2500 g) or high (≥ 3500 g) birth weight were associated with higher likelihood of cesarean births.ConclusionThe CS rate obtained in this study was more than twice of what is recommended by the World Health Organization, which is consistent with the previous nation-wide study in Viet Nam. Further monitoring is suggested to examine the non-medical reason for the increased CS rate.

Highlights

The cesarean section rate in Vietnam has been increasing especially in urban area
A total of 1396 out of 3148 births were completed by cesarean section (CS), resulting in a CS rate of 44.3% (Table 1)
After adjustment for potential confounding factors, CS rates were higher among older women (30–34 years, adjusted odds ratio [adjusted OR (AOR)] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.43, 2.31); ≥ 35 years, AOR 2.90, 95% CI (2.22, 3.79)); those with a monthly income of 644 US dollar (USD) or more (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.14, 1.80), those giving birth after 42 weeks of gestation (AOR = 2.62, 95% CI = 1.63, 4.21), those with babies weighing less than 2500 g at birth

Summary

Introduction

The cesarean section rate in Vietnam has been increasing especially in urban area. Limited evidence identified regarding socio-demographic factors of the cesarean section birth. The objective of this study was to determine the current cesarean birth rate and the associated socio-demographic factors among mothers in Nha Trang city, south-central Vietnam. Rates of cesarean section (CS) have increased dramatically over the last 30 years, especially in middle- and highincome countries [1,2,3]. A rapid increase in CS rates has been observed in Vietnam from 10% in 2002 to 28% in 2014 [9]. This increase in CS rates has been especially high in urban areas (2014, 43%)

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