Abstract
Trends in Canadian immigration and emigration in the last decade are examined, distinguishing ‘temporary’ and ‘permanent’ movements, economic migrants and refugees. Comparisons are made with those of other OECD countries. Global migration patterns have changed as a result of post-industrial technologies. Although money, goods and services may move relatively freely, people do not. Processes of inclusion and exclusion occur within and between countries and regions. A typology of migrant incorporation is presented. Questions of human security and border controls are considered. Recommendations are made concerning the protection of migrant human rights.
Highlights
This article addresses the question whether Canada, and other advanced industrial societies, are opening or closing their doors as a consequence of globalization
Global migration patterns have changed as a result of post-industrial technologies
The numbers admitted in each of these categories 1997-2000 are shown in Table 2. (The numbers in the economic and refugee classes include dependents admitted with the selected applicants.) Total admissions fell in 1998, recovering in 1999 and 2000, the business class declined from 9.22% of the total in 1997 to 6.01% in 2000
Summary
This article addresses the question whether Canada, and other advanced industrial societies, are opening or closing their doors as a consequence of globalization. As the total population of the European Union is approximately 375 million, this represented a net gain by migration of 1.2 per thousand, compared with a gain of 0.8 per thousand from natural increase. Canada’s rates of growth from both natural increase and net migration remain much higher than that of most European countries,both rates have declined in the last decade. Canada as a whole experienced an increase in non-resident travellers by land, sea and air, from 41.66 million in 1995 to 49.1 million in 1999 They were mainly from the United States, and included an increase from 4.3 million to 4.4 million from other countries (Statistics Canada, Nov. 2000). The majority of these were short-term visitors. The numbers admitted in each of these categories 1997-2000 are shown in Table 2. (The numbers in the economic and refugee classes include dependents admitted with the selected applicants.) Total admissions fell in 1998, recovering in 1999 and 2000, the business class declined from 9.22% of the total in 1997 to 6.01% in 2000
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