Abstract
The Great War and subsequent Depression swept away the mentality of Empire and class privilege, leaving a vacuum that was filled by an intellectual climate of extremist egalitarianism. Western society of the twentieth century came to be dominated by a new, unified ideology. Freudianism, Marxism, B.F. Skinner's Behaviorism, Franz Boaz's cultural history, and Margaret Mead's anthropology all stressed the marvelous "plasticity" and even "programmability" of Homo sapiens. The twenty-first century will witness a retaking of ground by hereditarian thinking and a reestablishment of balance in the nature/nurture debate.
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