Abstract
This paper argues that centralised planning has markedly utopian overtones since it envisions a system in which the day-to-day behaviour of workers is not governed by the profit motive. A system of producer cooperatives, on the contrary, is devoid of such utopian strain since the members of its constituent firms would engage in production with the aim of maximising the satisfaction associated with their work and can therefore be an alternative to the capitalism. Paraphrasing Engels, therefore, it is possible to argue that the socialism is evolving from its utopian stage to the scientific stage of the modern theory of producer cooperatives.
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