Abstract

Social structure has always been one of the central concepts in classical and contemporary sociological thought. The concept of social structure points to a different articulation of the macro and micro elements of social life. Its meaning has to be understood in the context of the discursive networks in which it is used. The aim of the article is to explore the concept of social structure by making explicit the main conceptual networks from which the different uses of the concept obtain their meaning. We have organized our discussion of social structure around the four paradigms that we have identified as (1) methodological individualism, (2) methodological holism, (3) microsociological ‘theory’, (4) eclectic ‘theory’.

Highlights

  • Socialinës struktûros samprataSociologai retai aptaria socialinës struktûros, vienos pagrindiniø disciplinos kategorijø, kilmës ir formavimosi bruoþus

  • Socialinës struktûros terminu apibûdinamas: ekonominis socialinës organizacijos pagrindas; materialistiniai istorijos poþymiai, kuriø kilmë – gamybinio pobûdþio socialiniai santykiai; organizacinë visuomenës sandara, kuri susideda ið dviejø pagrindiniø lygmenø, bazës ir antstato; analitiðkai diferencijuojami papildomi bazës ir antstato lygmenys, iðsidëstyti sistemiðka tvarka; socialiniø santykiø visumos daliø integralumas; dinamiðkos socialinio konflikto sàlygos ir socialiniø pokyèiø principai, sietini su dviem struktûriniais lygmenimis – materialiosiomis gamybos jëgomis ir socialiniais gamybos santykiais

  • Its meaning has to be understood in the context of the discursive networks in which it is used

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Summary

Socialinës struktûros samprata

Sociologai retai aptaria socialinës struktûros, vienos pagrindiniø disciplinos kategorijø, kilmës ir formavimosi bruoþus. Problemiðki socialinës struktûros poþymiai, lyginamieji aspektai svarstomi ir analizuojami retai. Todël socialinës struktûros reikðmës palaipsniui praranda „reikðmes“. Straipsnyje teigiama, kad socialinës struktûros apibrëþimai darosi aiðkesni, kai susiejame juos su paradigminiais teoriniais modeliais, kurie remiasi skirtingomis metaforomis kaip strateginëmis mokslinio aiðkinimo gairëmis. Ðios metaforos („socialinio organizmo“, „socialinio konflikto“, „socialinio tikrovës konstravimo“ ir pan.) yra simboliniai þymenys, padedantys kurti numanomà, giluminá, ontologiná socialinës tikrovës vaizdiná. Kaip tik pastaruoju – abstrakèiu – poþiûriu ðioji sàvoka yra „architektûrinë“, t.y. teikianti tikrovës supratimo ir aiðkinimo schemà. Skiriamos keturios pagrindinës sociologinio aiðkinimo paradigmos (savo ruoþtu apimanèios skirtingus aiðkinimo bûdø principus): 1) metodologinio individualizmo, 2) metodologinio holizmo, 3) mikrosociologinë ir 4) eklektinë. Nors tai – tik idealieji tipai, taèiau jie padeda suprasti, kodël ðiomis dienomis socialinës struktûros sàvoka apibrëþiama skirtingai

Socialinë struktûra kaip tvarkos metafora
Skiriamieji socialinës struktûros bruoþai
Sociologinis dualizmas
THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL STRUCTURE

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