Social vulnerability and prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program (MADDSP)

Abstract

The Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program tracks autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in selected counties within Georgia as part of the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM)Network. ADDM Network analyses have historically found a higher prevalence of ASD in areas of higher socioeconomic status. We linked 2018 data from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) to two Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program counties by census tract, grouped census tracts into tertiles representing low, medium, and high social vulnerability, and calculated ASD prevalence for each tertile, overall and by each of four SVI themes. We found that overall prevalence was higher in areas of low compared to high vulnerability for the socioeconomic status and transportation themes, and in areas of medium compared to high vulnerability for all themes. This pattern was consistent among males but varied for females and by race or ethnicity. Linking ASD prevalence to SVI metrics can improve the understanding of inequities among children with ASD in racial and ethnic minority groups or those living in low-resource settings. These methods can be applied to other ADDM Network surveillance sites and public health surveillance programs.