Social support of people with HIV/AIDS: the Social Determinants of Health Model.

Vanessa Da Frota Santos,Priscila De Souza Aquino,Samyla Citó Pedrosa,Ivana Cristina Vieira De Lima,Marli Teresinha Gimeniz Galvão,Gilmara Holanda Da Cunha

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0346

Vanessa Da Frota Santos, Priscila De Souza Aquino + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0346

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Abstract

To analyze the social support of people with HIV/AIDS from the perspective of the Social Determinants of Health Model. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2015 in an infectious disease outpatient clinic. The sample was made up of 116 people with HIV/AIDS. The data was collected through interviews, using a sociodemographic form and a social support scale. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and Student's t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests were performed to determine the association between social support and the social determinants of health. Total social support was satisfactory, emotional support was influenced by smoking (p=0.0432) and instrumental support, by the number of people in the household (p=0.0003). The main source of instrumental and emotional support was relatives living outside the household, corresponding to 66.7% and 56.1%, respectively. It was found that smokers havelower emotional support and people living alone received less instrumental support.

Highlights

METHODAIDS is a national health problem due to its high incidence
The present study sought to analyze the social support of people living with HIV/AIDS from the perspective of the Social Determinants of Health Model (SDHM)
When associating the variables related to the SHDM layers with the data from the social support scale, it was noted that total social support was satisfactory, and was influenced by the proximal determinant of use of tobacco (p=0.015), i.e., smokers received less total social support (Table 1)

Summary

METHOD

AIDS is a national health problem due to its high incidence. From 1980 until June 2016, 842,710 cases of AIDS were reported in Brazil, with 15.1% of them from the Northeast region[1]. Given the effects of social support in coping with the disease and the quality of life of PLWHA, it is essential to evaluate social support based on a model that takes into consideration the multiple dimensions of the health and disease process, in order to provide input for health professionals to identify and coordinate support networks that facilitate health care. In this context, the present study sought to analyze the social support of people living with HIV/AIDS from the perspective of the Social Determinants of Health Model (SDHM). The R® software, version 3.2.3 for Windows®, was used for performing the analyses

RESULTS

Individual determinants

Intermediate determinants

DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION