Social support for patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

BackgroundTo assess how social support relates to parameters of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and how social support affects patient's prognosis within 1 year after surgery. MethodsThe study included 739 male and 236 female patients (975) who underwent PCI. To determine level of social support, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support was used. The mean duration of a prospective follow-up was 12.0 ± 1.7 months. The Cox multivariate regression proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of death from all causes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). ResultsA low level of social support in 5.7% of patients was observed, while 30.5% had a moderate level and 63.8% had a high level. Patients with low and moderate levels of social support were older than those with high level. Among patients with high levels of social support, more were male compared to patients with moderate level. During observation, 24 patients died from all causes (2.5%), while 21 (2.2%) died from CVD. In the multivariate Cox regression model the HR of social support for all causes of death was 0.97 (95% confidence interval, [CI], 0.94–0.99, p = 0.007), while death from CVD was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.94–1.00, p = 0.048). For patients with low level of social support, the HR for death from all causes was 4.52 (95% CI, 1.37–14.95, p = 0.013), while death from CVD was 3.66 (95% CI, 0.94–14.25, p = 0.061). ConclusionSocial support level was associated with age and gender, and significantly and independently affected CAD patients' risk of death after PCI.