Abstract
BackgroundSpiritual well-being plays an important role in helping patients cope with disease. Previous studies have investigated the association between social support and spiritual well-being, whereas few studies have explored the relationship in patients with esophageal cancer (EC), and the mechanisms behind this pathway have not been thoroughly examined.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the relationship between social support and spiritual well-being of Chinese patients with EC aged over 50 years and to analyze whether the relationship was mediated by rumination.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted with 197 EC patients. Participants completed the general information questionnaire, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Spiritual Scale, the Chinese Event Related Rumination Inventory, and the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS).ResultsResults demonstrated that social support of patients with EC aged over 50 years was positively correlated with spiritual well-being and deliberate rumination and negatively correlated with intrusive rumination; spiritual well-being was positively associated with deliberate rumination and negatively correlated with intrusive rumination. The effect of social support on spiritual well-being was partially mediated by deliberate rumination and intrusive rumination.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that interventions directed toward enhancing social support and deliberate rumination and reducing the level of intrusive rumination may help patients with EC aged over 50 years improve spiritual well-being.
Highlights
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a malignant disease that impacts the Chinese population
Our study focused on a potential mediator between social support and spiritual well-being: rumination
72.1% of participants were at stages III and IV of EC
Summary
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a malignant disease that impacts the Chinese population. In China, EC ranks sixth in incidence and fourth in mortality, both higher than the world rankings [2]. It has become one of the common causes of cancer-related death in China [3]. EC mainly occurs in middle-aged and elderly individuals, Mediating Effect of Rumination and because of the aging population, the incidence in older adults will continue to rise [4]. Most patients with EC suffer from psychological problems such as anxiety and depression [5]. These emotional changes have a negative effect on their spiritual well-being. Previous studies have investigated the association between social support and spiritual well-being, whereas few studies have explored the relationship in patients with esophageal cancer (EC), and the mechanisms behind this pathway have not been thoroughly examined
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