Social support and emotional wellbeing among women living with bacterial vaginosis in new york city

Abstract

Abstract Background Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is a common pathological vaginal condition in women and is disproportionately higher among Black (33%) and Hispanic women (31%) than among non-Hispanic White (23%) or Asian women (11%). BV can have highly distressing impacts on women, yet the role of social support has received limited attention. This paper aimed to explore women's experiences of social support for BV. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews with women (n = 41) aged 18 years or older and who had a BV diagnosis in the past year. Interviews examined women's infection history and symptoms, BV management approaches, the impact of BV on women's lives, and BV clinical care experiences. Qualitative data were analyzed with an a priori coding framework based on key domains, followed by open-coding to uncover emergent themes. Results The majority of participants were Non-Hispanic Black/African American (63.4%). Nearly a quarter (22.0%) of participants identified as lesbian or bisexual or reported having sex with a woman in the past year. Most women with BV expressed feelings of shame. Many women noted a lack of social support, particularly from sexual partners, which might lead to relationship mistrust and blame for the infection. Sexual partners’ inadequate knowledge of BV resulted in women's reluctance to discuss their diagnosis and avoidance of sexual activities. Supportive partners or friends helped women recognize BV infection and seek treatment earlier, provided emotional support and reduced feelings of isolation. In addition, women reported receiving greater support and care from sexual health clinics than from other healthcare settings. Conclusions The study highlights the importance of social support in women's experiences of BV. Findings imply that enhancing sexual partners’ understanding of BV, fostering open-dialogues among women, and promoting empathetic healthcare systems can potentially improve women's emotional well-being and overall BV experiences. Key messages • The study highlights the importance of social support in women’s experiences of BV. • Enhancing sexual partners’ understanding of BV, fostering open-dialogues among women, and promoting empathetic healthcare systems can potentially improve women’s overall BV experiences.