Social Scientist's “Infra-Structure” and the Theory of Organizations

Abstract

Today, some sociologists turn their attentions to the problem of “Infra-Structure”. We can find some examples of such a trend in “Positivismus Streit” and “Sociology of Sociology”.And some of them offer criticisms on Sociological Functionalism from the “Infra-Structural” point of view. They focus their minds on the view of human beings and a society which Sociological Functionalists have in mind.It is also important to consider each theories of organizations from the “Infra-Structural”. point of view. Until now, many sociologists of organizations have argued against Balance model of organizations and proposed Conflict model as the alternative to it. We must evaluate Conflict model positively in some aspects, but it is also true that it has some limits. In order to go beyond Conflict model, we think it necessary to turn our attentions to Action model of organizations from the “Infra-Structural” point of view. And here, we call such a procedure “Humanistic approach”.At the third paragraph, in order to find a frame of reference of organizations founded on such an approach, we consider Weber's theory of organizations. And there, we find his view of human beings who decide their actions according to their own value-judgements. We can learn many things from such a view of human beings, even today.It is very important for the valuation of theories to consider from the “Intra-Structural” point of view. But now, beyond such a consideration, it becomes necessary to build a frame of reference of organizations which consist of such human beings as can decide their actions by themselves.