Social Relationships, Age and the Use of Preventive Health Services: Findings from the German Ageing Survey.

Daniel Bremer,Olaf Von Dem Knesebeck,Daniel Lüdecke

doi:10.3390/ijerph16214272

Abstract

This paper investigates the associations between social relationships, age and the use of preventive health services among German adults. Data stem from the German Ageing Survey (10,324 respondents). The use of preventive health services was assessed by asking for regular use of flu vaccination and cancer screening in the past years. Predictors of interest were structural (having a partner, size of the social network) and functional aspects of social relationships (perceived informational support) and age. Logistic regression models were used to measure the associations between preventive health services use and these predictors. Self-perceived health, gender and education were considered as covariates. Having a partner (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.07–1.34) and perceived informational support (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.13–1.69) were associated with a higher probability of getting flu vaccination regularly over the past years. Informational support (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.17–1.72) and having a partner (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.41–1.75) were positively associated with regular cancer screening over the past years. Associations between the size of the social network and use of preventive health services were not statistically significant. Associations between the use of preventive health services and social relationships varied by age. Structural and functional aspects of social relationships may support preventive health behavior. To increase preventive health behavior and the use of preventive health services, it is necessary to integrate information on social relationships into routine care and to strengthen sources of social support.

Highlights

One of the tasks of the statutory health insurance in Germany is to prevent diseases and to promote health and healthy ageing regardless of peoples’ gender and social status [1]
The use of preventive health services was assessed by asking for regular use of flu vaccination and cancer screening in the past years
Having a partner (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.07–1.34) and perceived informational support (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.13–1.69) were associated with a higher probability of getting flu vaccination regularly over the past years (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

One of the tasks of the statutory health insurance in Germany is to prevent diseases and to promote health and healthy ageing regardless of peoples’ gender and social status [1]. Ageing populations with changing health needs and chronic conditions are associated with a rising demand for health services [2]. Some disorders can be prevented or influenced positively by preventive interventions [3]. Primary prevention aims at reducing the risk of the onset of a disease. For example, are part of primary prevention, since they have the capability to obviate different serious infectious diseases and to prevent unnecessary hospitalizations and premature deaths [3,4]. Secondary prevention aims at detecting and treating diseases as early as possible. In the case of cancer, screening is especially important, since cancer is responsible for a vast number of deaths worldwide [5]

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Results

Discussion

Conclusion