Abstract
This paper intends to discuss several major theses on social inclusion, social exclusion and social cohesion. The first thesis is that there is a strong but complex relationship between social inclusion (mostly as an outcome but also as a process), social exclusion (mostly as a process but also as an outcome) and the social cohesiveness of societies. This has direct parallels with citizenship theories which will be discussed in passing. The second is that migration has a major impact on inclusion, exclusion and cohesion both in the migrants’ country of settlement and their country of origin. The third is that national and personal identity have become extremely complex because of the massive increase in migration in present times (which can be characterised as late modern, postmodern or postindustrial according to preference) under the influence of factors associated with globalisation. Bringing together insights about identity, migration, inclusion, exclusion and social cohesion provides an opportunity to reconsider issues of welfare both within and between societies. The final section of the paper takes some tentative steps in this direction by introducing the synoptic social quality construct, with particular reference to the social quality of migrant and other ethnos communities with their transnational identities. Here the specific focus is upon the work of the East Asian Social Quality Indicators Network, which is in the process of collecting internationally comparative data on these issues which will facilitate future understanding of the nature of what can loosely be called ‘postmodern welfare’.
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