Abstract
This chapter confirms the changes in the sources of pollution and damage after the severe air pollution in Japan from the viewpoint of social history. In response to the Yokkaichi pollution lawsuit, the Pollution Health Damage Compensation Law was enacted in Japan. Since then, the source of air pollution has changed from factory soot to automobile exhaust, and compensation for medical expenses has been discontinued. The Tokyo air pollution lawsuit, which demanded clarification of the responsibility of automobile manufacturers and compensation for medical expenses, was settled, but the political response thereafter was terrible, and the responsibility for the perpetration was obscured. The social history confirms Japan’s risk politics, which emphasizes the non-decline of economic activities over the health risks of residents.
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