Social genomics, cognition, and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract

Adverse psychosocial exposure is associated with increased pro-inflammatory gene expression and reduced type-1 interferon gene expression known as the conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA). CTRA is not well-studied in cognitive impairment but may contribute to late-life cognitive decline. We examined perceived stress, loneliness, well-being, and the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the relationship to the expression of genes associated with the CTRA. Mixed-effect linear models were used to quantify associations between psychosocial variables and CTRA gene expression. Eudaimonic well-being (EWB) was inversely associated with CTRA gene expression in participants with both normal cognition (NC) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Self-reported coping strategies differed by cognitive status and variably impacted CTRA gene expression. EWB is an important correlate of stress, even in people with MCI. The prodromal cognitive decline appears to moderate the significance of coping strategies as a correlate of CTRA gene expression. Conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA) gene expression is higher with lower eudaimonic well-being.Eudaimonic well-being was important in both participants with normal cognition and those with mild cognitive impairment.Coping strategies and impact on CTRA gene expression differed by cognitive status.Loneliness in a population with relatively low loneliness scores did not impact CTRA gene expression.