Abstract
The aim of the study was to reveal social gender roles in the perception of male and female Polish students. The social gender roles have been examined in the context of cultural consensus.
 The Cultural Models Scenario has been used with 223 participants. The research method is based on series of brief scenarios that were created with an anthropological methodology. After in-depth interviews in Polish society, basic social roles were described in scenarios. In the first phase the group of respondents (N = 104) evaluated the gender social norms in the scenarios. In the second phase the following group with similar socioeconomical characteristic (N = 119) answered the questions while the opposite sex were introduced into the scenarios.
 The results revealed that women were valued higher compared to men in, both stereotypical and non-stereotypical social roles. This confirms the consideration of Polish culture as female. Although women were assessed higher in the least valued social roles and most of the valued domains related to work – what prompts the masculinity of a culture. The masculine social role turned out to be perceived as clearly traditional – mostly limited to financial resources, particularly in the women’s perspective. The least recognized social role with strong negative social consensus was a 40-year old single man. A single man turned out to be the least socially approved which may explain the poor psychological functioning of single men in the context of social consonance.
Highlights
The aim of the study is to reveal social gender roles in the perception of Polish female and male students
The step was to analyse the cultural consensus with regard to specific social gender roles described in the scenarios
The research showed that the cultural model regarding social gender roles might be depict as traditional
Summary
The aim of the study is to reveal social gender roles in the perception of Polish female and male students. The two, seemingly extreme ends, may be understood when analyzing the issue of social construction of gender and its cultural context. Despite the fact that in masculine cultures, women are confronted with greater social barriers in achieving professional success, they exhibit a greater variety of traits enabling them to overcome those barriers, which results in a relatively equal number of professionally active women in masculine and feminine cultures. In such a context, work constitutes the primary value both for women and men
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