Social factors, allergen, endotoxin, and dust mass in mattress

Abstract

Indoor environment has been associated with allergic disease. Further, it has been observed that the prevalences of allergic sensitization are different in different social groups. We therefore investigated the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and indoor bio-contaminants. House dust samples were collected from parents' and infants' mattress from 2166 families in Munich (62.2%) and Leipzig (37.8%), Germany. Major mite allergen Der p 1 and Der f 1, cat allergen Fel d 1, and endotoxin were extracted and quantified. Parental educational level and family equivalent income were used independently as socioeconomic indicators. Indoor endotoxin, mite allergen Der p 1, and the amount of sampled dust were not associated with the social factors. Mite allergen Der f 1 was slightly associated by family SES but without a consistent pattern. In families who are not cat owners, however, a negative association between the amount of cat allergen and family SES were observed. The observed negative association between cat allergen loads and concentrations in mattress and family SES in non-cat owners' homes indicated that community is an important source of cat allergen exposure. The study indicated that community is a major source of cat allergen exposure especially in communities of low SES.