Social, Economic and Environmental Indicators of Urban Sustainability in India

Abstract

Urban sustainability can be only achieved when long-term proper planning is adopted for the development of cities. The term urban sustainability means the development of cities should naturally viable where natural resources, social services, and economic activities must available to every individual. It can be achieved only when social, economic, and environmental sustainability attains in every city. Thus, the sustainability of each dimension is measured using some indicators like employment, productivity, growth, and distribution of income used for economic sustainability. For social sustainability uses indicators like institutional stability, poverty, health, education, crime, and other services. Environmental sustainability is measured through water, air quality, and the availability of natural resources. But the world after covid19 is not the same as before the pandemic and all these dimensions of cities will be changed in the future. This paper presented a review of the indicators used for measuring urban sustainability in India as well as the world.