Social Distancing, Physical Activity, and COVID-19: Implications for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil.

Paulo H C De Vasconcelos,Gabriela C Uliana,Daniela L Gomes,Anselmo De A Costa E Silva

doi:10.3390/ijerph182312819

Paulo H C De Vasconcelos, Gabriela C Uliana + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312819

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Abstract

A lack of glycemic control and diabetes are risk factors for complications related to COVID-19, and social isolation can hinder adherence to physical activity. Thus, this study sought to assess the impacts of social distancing on the practice of physical activity of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This was a transversal study carried out using an online form to collect sociodemographic, practice of physical activity, and social distancing data. Of the 472 participants, 85.6% reported that they were respecting the steps of social distancing. Social distancing affected the practice of physical activity in adherence to the habit of practicing in frequency, duration, and perception of change in intensity. An association was found between noticing a lot of stress in the home environment and stopping physical activity; lower levels of tolerance to social distancing were associated with less physical activity, and maintaining the habit of practicing physical activity was associated with decreasing the intensity of the practice. Hence, social distancing harmed the practice of physical activity as part of the treatment of individuals with T1DM, both in the habit of practicing and in the characteristics of these practices of physical activity, such as frequency, duration, and intensity.

Highlights

IntroductionPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
The literature provides evidence of improvement in triglycerides, LDL, and waist circumference and shows that high volumes of aerobic training at moderate-to-vigorous intensity are associated with lower mortality and symptoms of anxiety/depression in both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [22,23]. The recommendations for this population are at least 150 min per week of physical activity with moderate-to-vigorous intensity or 75 min per week of intense physical activity in interval training. Within this minimum recommended practice time, two to three days a week of resistance training for the main muscle groups is recommended, even in the scenario of the pandemic and social distancing, provided that all safety measures are taken respecting biosafety protocols
Participants who marked any alternative other than the inclusion criteria were excluded, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), gestational diabetes, and other specific types; those who were unable to inform the type of diabetes they had; individuals who had answered the survey by third parties; and minors

Summary

Introduction

Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. In December 2019, there began a global effort to tackle an epidemic that was first identified in the city of Wuhan, China, and later officially declared as a pandemic by the. The disease, initially of unknown etiology, was later named coronavirus (COVID-19) and the causative virus SARS-CoV-2, with the first case reported in Brazil in late February 2020 [1,2,3]. A study showed that large cities displayed higher growth rates in the number of cases during the initial spread of COVID-19

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