Abstract
Background: Regular cancer screening is the best way for early detection of breast cancer, but studies showed the low participation rates of screening in Iran. We aimed to determine breast cancer screening among married women and related factors in North of Iran. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from Jan to Mar 2017 among 1472 married women in an urban population in Rasht City, North of Iran. Data were collected using a questionnaire included socio-demographic information and breast cancer screening behaviors. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and logistic regression were used for data analyzing with SPSS. Results: The mean age of women was 35.1 ±6.5 years. Majority of women never performed clinical breast examination (70.7%) and regular monthly breast self-examination (52.2%). Only women over 40 yr performed mammography. Mammography performance was associated with health insurance (OR=4.99; 95% CI: 1.10, 22.53) and family history (OR=1.60; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.19), clinical breast examination was associated with age of women (OR=2.87; 95% CI: 1.90, 4.32) and breast selfexamination was associated with age and occupation of women [OR=1.67; 95 % CI: 1.16, 2.39, OR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.29) respectively]. Conclusion: The rate of breast cancer screening was low among married women. Therefore considering the structural and cultural barriers, effective health education is essential to reduce inequality and increase the efficiency of screening programs.
Highlights
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer among women[1], Asia and Africa have a more rapidly rising incidence rate than North America and Europe[2]
Mammography performance was associated with health insurance (OR=4.99; 95% CI: 1.10, 22.53) and family history (OR=1.60; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.19), clinical breast examination was associated with age of women (OR=2.87; 95% CI: 1.90, 4.32) and breast selfexamination was associated with age and occupation of women [OR=1.67; 95 % CI: 1.16, 2.39, OR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.29) respectively]
Logistic regression analysis showed that among women over 40 yr, mammography performance was associated with health insurance coverage (OR= 4.99, 95% CI: 1.10, 22.53); clinical breast examination (CBE) performance increased with age of women (OR= 2.87; 95% CI: 1.90, 4.32)
Summary
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer among women[1], Asia and Africa have a more rapidly rising incidence rate than North America and Europe[2]. The incidence trend of BC is rising in Iranian women[3]. Breast cancer prevalence in women is 23.1 per 100,000 women in Iran[4]. In Iran, screening programs are recommended in order to BC cancer incidence and its burden[3]. Women in Iran are reluctant to screen for BC. Regular cancer screening is the best way for early detection of breast cancer, but studies showed the low participation rates of screening in Iran.
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