Abstract
Recently, several urban sustainability assessment tools (USAT) have appeared to reduce the human impact provided by the built environment. Few of them focus on the assessment of urban spaces like squares, streets, and parks, etc., but they don’t operation and maintenance (OM) phase is not considered. It would be necessary to develop an in use holistic urban sustainable assessment tool (UHU2SAT) to specifically assess urban spaces under OM phase. This paper provides a qualitative research among 188 studies, with the aim to classify them according to the impacts they pursue: environmental (ENV), social (SOC) economic (ECO) and Others. Finally, the SOC criteria are reduced up to 21 and arranged into 4 different groups: Human comfort, Urban mobility, SOC Cohesion, and Health & safety. These SOC criteria have been discussed and revised according to the literature review to identify the most suitable indicators for the UHU2SAT. Finally, it can be concluded that this methodology could also be useful to obtain ENV and ECO criteria to provide a holistic assessment of the sustainability.
Highlights
The built environment constitutes and important part of the human footprint over our planet
If BREEAM-C, and CEEQUAL are both urban sustainability assessment tools (USAT) from Building Research Establishment (BRE), but with CEEQUAL developed to work at a smaller scale, how is it possible to have less SOC criteria adequate for the development of the UHU2SAT
BREEAM-C contains a higher number of SOC criteria related to urban mobility than CEEQUAL, but many of them have a very similar aim, so they can be merged into a few ones
Summary
The built environment constitutes and important part of the human footprint over our planet. Researchers started to develop some more specific SAT adequate for different typologies, regional environment, and life cycle stages from design to operation and maintenance [8] This provided a vast scenario with more than six hundred tools [5], [9], but focused on building’ assessment. A truly holistic sustainability comes from the consideration of concerns like environmental (ENV) [7], social (SOC) [18], economic (ECO) [19], and others like, cultural [20], institutional [21], and technical [22] All these impacts of sustainability must be evaluated to provide long term useful SAT. This research objective is to provide a critical review of 188 studies done in the recent years as well the most widely spread SAT for urban design, that establishes the foundations to define the most sustainable SOC criteria for the development of the future UHU2SAT
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