SOCIAL AND POLITICAL FACTORS OF TRANSFORMATION IN AGRARIAN SPHERE OF UKRAINE

Abstract

Purpose. The aim of the research is to determine the nature and the content of social and political factors of transformation in agrarian sphere of Ukraine. The present study supports agriculture, the subject of social and political factors of transformation in agrarian sphere, such as land reform and institutional transformation. Methodology. The methodology of the research is based on the usage of methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, the unity of the historical and logical comparisons, mathematical, statistical and cartographic methods. Finding. The core and the foundation of socio-political factors of transformation in agrarian sphere is considered the agrarian reform. Under the agrarian reform, we understand – a set of measures aimed at restructuring land relations, ownership of land and property as a result of transition from planned to market-economic system. In Ukraine, the agrarian reform was developed in two stages: preparatory – until December 1999 (when the Decree of President of Ukraine dated 3 December 1999 «On urgent measures to accelerate the reform of the agricultural sector» was established); second – radical in 1999. During the agrarian reform the farmers became the owners of the land. Three basic forms of management were established– private households, farms, farms of market type. In the process of institutional transformation in agrarian sphere state and collective farms virtually disappeared, but new private farms, cooperatives, limited liability companies, joined stock companies, private households appeared. The territorial structure of agricultural production was also transformed. Results. Among the factors of transformation in the agrarian sphere of Ukraine, sociopolitical factors are undoubtedly one of the most important. In the process of transformation the separate model of agrarian reform has been created, the agrarian reform included several stages, a new institutional system based on private ownership was created.