Abstract
According to different relevant climate research water shortage hazard become increasingly frequent natural hazard across Serbia. In Serbia, especially in Vojvodina, drought is a natural hazard with increasing frequency of occurrence. Vojvodina is predominantly agricultural area with 11% of agricultural population. As such agricultural population is highly sensitive to natural hazards, especially to occurrence of drought which is typical for the territory of Vojvodina. Drought has influence on the environment and human activities, i.e. it has social and economic consequences, such as drinking water shortage or decline in crop yield. Therefore this paper has several aims. First goal is to explore socio demographic profiles and agricultural characteristic of agricultural population and stakeholders in research area. Secondly to examine farmers' attitudes to possible damage prevention and adaptive measures to climate change in the sector of agricultural production. Third goal is to analyze respondent's opinion toward drought prediction. Finally the study examines opinion of respondents on the role of government institutions in providing assistance and support to farmers and to agricultural development in the region. In depth semi structural interviewing were carried out. Results show lack of knowledge among respondents that water shortage can be precisely and in time predicted to help agriculture prepare and prevent possible draft damages. As the main problems in agriculture, the local agricultural population lists absence of strategic planning and management of agrarian policy, as well as absence of state support to farmers in agriculture development. Necessary assistance for alleviation of adverse drought consequences includes subsidies for irrigation, improvement and reconstruction of the existing irrigation systems; organized and planned state management of agrarian policy; creating precise methods of forecast of drought periods and timely informing agricultural population and agricultural firms.
Highlights
Water is a resource which is critical to the survival, integrity and wellbeing of humans and the environment
Targeted research area encompasses Vojvodina population gravitating to the research area of the IPA HUSRB project “Water shortage hazard and adaptive water management strategies in the Hungarian-Serbian cross-border region” (WAHASTRAT - HUSRB/1203/121/130) (Figure 1)
Majority of the agricultural firm representatives consider that the institution in charge should be defined on the level of the Republic of Serbia either within Ministry of agriculture, forestry and water management or within Republic hydrometeorology department (85.7%) while 14.3% hold opinion that responsible body should be organized on the province level
Summary
Water is a resource which is critical to the survival, integrity and wellbeing of humans and the environment. Soil water is an integral part of the hydrologic cycle and a critical parameter for plant growth and development. Dale and Shaw (1965) reported that soil water is one of the most critical factors for crop development and yield. Monitoring the relevant hydro-meteorological parameters and creation of suitable forecast tools within a hydro-information system for monitoring drought warning would serve as a platform for decision making in drought effects reduction (Gocić, Trajković, 2012). Drought can be defined as the result of a shortage of precipitation that limits plant water availability to such an extent that ecosystem productivity is reduced. Perhaps it is fitting that drought does not have a universal definition and is often considered in the context of four broad categories defined by Wilhite and Glantz (1985): meteorological, agricultural, hydrological, and socioeconomic
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