Abstract
Abstract. The Zeravshan River is a transboundary river whose water is mainly used for irrigation of agricultural lands of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Sufficiently rich hydropower resources in upstream of the Zeravshan River characterize the Republic of Tajikistan. Continuous monitoring of water resources condition is necessary for planning the development of this area taking into account hydropower production and irrigation needs. Water quality of Zeravshan River is currently one of the main problems in the relationship between the Republics of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, and it frequently triggers conflict situations between the two countries. In most cases, the problem of water quality of the Zeravshan River is related to river pollution by wastewater of the Anzob Mountain-concentrating Industrial Complex (AMCC) in Tajikistan. In this paper results of research of chemical and bacteriological composition of the Zeravshan River waters are presented. The minimum impact of AMCC on quality of water of the river was experimentally established.
Highlights
Water resources in the Aral Sea Basin, whose territory belongs to five states, are mostly used for irrigation and hydropower engineering
The problem of water quality of the Zeravshan River is related to river pollution by wastewater of the Anzob Mountain-concentrating Industrial Complex (AMCC) in Tajikistan
River runoff regulation is exercised by large reservoirs, which, along with hydropower stations are operated as part of complex purpose hydroschemes
Summary
Water resources in the Aral Sea Basin, whose territory belongs to five states, are mostly used for irrigation and hydropower engineering. These water users require river runoff to be regulated with different regimes. The largest hydropower stations have been constructed in the republics of the runoff formation zone in the upper reaches of the Amudarya and Syrdarya rivers – in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, while the major land areas to be irrigated are concentrated in the republics in the lower reaches of the rivers – Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The problems of water resources use and the appropriate river runoff regulation were solved in the USSR by administrative command methods, based on nationwide interests. The eсologo-economic consequences of floods in mountain regions of the Zeravshan valleys are studied
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