Abstract
Simulation has become a central component of healthcare education. Allowing learners to experience low-frequency high-risk situations, such as a mass casualty event, in a safe learning environment is a basic tenet of simulation-based education in healthcare. Creating realistic simulations often involves advanced moulage to accurately represent illness and injury. However, providing advanced moulage for mass casualty exercises can be time-consuming, resource-intensive, and costly. Here we discuss a novel means to execute moulage for multiple victims while maintaining a high level of realism. We executed two simultaneous mass casualty exercises as part of medical student education and employed our novel 3-step moulage process. Step 1-Preparation included case development, generation of a victim list, and victim designation into “zones” within the simulation. Step 2-Creation entailed making wounds, in-house 3D printing materials, and assembling each victim’s moulage bag. Step 3-Application was an assembly line method of executing all victims’ moulage on the day of the simulation. This method of moulage supported the highly realistic simulation activity that learners have come to expect while decreasing time, resources, and cost.
Highlights
Simulation has become an integral component of education for healthcare professionals [1]
Simulation-based mass casualty exercises (SBMCE) are conducted to train healthcare workers and students to prepare them for low-frequency incidents that require expertise in the management of multiple victims [3,4]
There are several different ways moulage can be utilized in a simulated scenario and it is a crucial element of healthcare simulation [8]
Summary
Simulation has become an integral component of education for healthcare professionals [1]. Previous studies have demonstrated the use of moulage as an excellent tool to improve the behavioral outcomes of learners as they feel more immersed in the training environment and apply their skills as they would have applied them in a real-world setting [7] This includes triaging multiple victims and prioritizing care for salvageable victims in a mass casualty training simulation. We describe our simple 3-step process for executing moulage of victims (SPs and mannequins) in a mass casualty simulation. We generated a victim list and assigned each victim a number, zone (physical location within the simulated field), medium (mannequin or standardized patient), triage category, mechanism and types of injuries commensurate with the triage category, and moulage required (wounds, symptoms, clothing) (Table 1). Round 2 entailed the application of moisture-free make-up to create redness, bruising, eschar, and some burns Victims applied their victim label at this time. A reset period, between scenarios, allowed for moulage adjustments and touch-up
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