Abstract
Local sheep varieties in Kazakhstan remain currently out of scope of global sheep diversity studies despite their long history and proximity to historical centers of sheep domestication. In the present study we applied medium-scale SNP genotyping to five local sheep breeds for the first time in Kazakhstan in order to investigate their population structure and relation to global sheep diversity.Principal component analysis and model-based structure analysis of general population markers revealed two breed groups. The first group included Akzhayik and Kazak Fine-wool sheep and the second group had Edilbay, Saryarka and Kazakh Semi-coarse wool sheep. High heterogeneity of different populations of Akzhayik and Kazakh Semi-coarse wool sheep was observed. A neighbor-joining tree comparing Kazakh sheep data with the dataset generated by the Sheep HapMap project supported a close relationship between Kazakh sheep varieties and ancient domestic sheep ancestors.
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