Abstract
The high level of snow and ice research activity of the preceding 15 yr has been maintained partly by increased interest in cold regions engineering by commercial interests. The mobility of ships in the Arctic Ocean, mining in and around glaciers, and industrial applications of ice have added incentive to the existing concerns over water supply, recreational facilities, and basic scientific knowledge. Much of the financial support for individual investigators is now directed through large projects (e.g., Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment (AIDJEX), Ross Ice Shelf Project (RISP), and Greenland Ice Sheet Program (GISP)) which define scientific objectives, arrange logistical support, and promote international and interagency cooperation. Coordinated efforts are notably lacking in some areas (e.g., snow, avalanche, and temperate glacier research) where research funds are either lacking or spread over many disjointed projects. Many of the significant research advances are due to the large projects and/or the use of remote sensing imagery.
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