Síndroma do Burnout em Médicos: uma Revisão Bibliográfica

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction Burnout Syndrome is not classified as a disease or medical condition, but as an occupational phenomenon, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased sense of professional fulfillment. It is an increasingly frequent health problem among doctors, having become a factor of great wear and tear, especially after the enormous impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on these professionals. Objectives/Methodology This review aims to identify contributory factors, characteristics and consequences of Burnout syndrome in physicians, as well as assessment tools and strategies to address this problem. For this, a literature review was carried out, through a search in february 2022 in the PubMed database, including articles published between january 2007 and february 2022, in Portuguese and English, that addressed the Burnout syndrome in physicians. Mesh descriptors were used: Burnout syndrome; physicians; strategies. Forty-three articles were selected for full reading. Results Burnout syndrome is an increasingly present reality in our society, namely in the medical profession, having gained special attention, especially after the enormous impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. This phenomenon compromises both the health of these professionals and the quality of medical services provided to patients, culminating in an increase in the frequency of medical errors and health costs. Discussion/Conclusion Given the growing number of doctors suffering from Burnout, it is urgent to review this syndrome and its framework in this particular professional class, in order to find solutions that allow not only an improvement in the quality of life and work of doctors, as well as an increase in health gains. Solutions have been proposed, and the best approach to this problem seems to be the conciliation between individual methods and strategies with organizational strategies. Occupational health has a key role in the active and early identification of this problem in these professionals, in order to signal it in a timely manner and to be given adequate guidance. Keywords: Burnout syndrome; physicians; COVID-19; strategies; occupational health.