Abstract
SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins assemble to drive the final membrane fusion step of membrane trafficking. Thus, SNAREs are essential for membrane fusion and vesicular trafficking, which are fundamental mechanisms for maintaining cellular homeostasis. In plants, SNAREs have been demonstrated to be located in different subcellular compartments and involved in a variety of fundamental processes, such as cytokinesis, cytoskeleton organization, symbiosis, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. In addition, SNAREs can also contribute to the normal growth and development of Arabidopsis. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the biological functions and signaling network of SNAREs in vesicle trafficking and the regulation of root growth and development in Arabidopsis.
Highlights
Plant cells contain multiple membrane-bound organelles, each of which contains a unique set of lipids and proteins that play different functions within and between cells
Vesicle formation is the process of vesicle bud formation from the donor compartment for cargo packaging and is mediated by the coat protein complex I (COPI), COPII and clathrin, and the small GTPases secretion-associated RAS super family 1 (Sar1) and ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (Arf1; Bremser et al, 1999; Bonifacino and Lippincott-Schwartz, 2003; Bonifacino and Glick, 2004)
The SNARE protein was first identified in the late 1980s and was quickly identified as a key element involved in membrane fusion (Oyler et al, 1989; Söllner et al, 1993)
Summary
MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China. Specialty section: This article was submitted to Plant Membrane Traffic and Transport, a section of the journal Frontiers in Plant Science. SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins assemble to drive the final membrane fusion step of membrane trafficking. SNAREs are essential for membrane fusion and vesicular trafficking, which are fundamental mechanisms for maintaining cellular homeostasis. SNAREs have been demonstrated to be located in different subcellular compartments and involved in a variety of fundamental processes, such as cytokinesis, cytoskeleton organization, symbiosis, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. SNAREs can contribute to the normal growth and development of Arabidopsis.
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