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Abstract
Article history: Received October 21, 2015 Received in revised form December 20, 2015 Accepted 7 April 2016 Available online 7 April 2016 A simple, efficient and general method for the synthesis of 4H-pyrans is established through a multi component cyclocondensation of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile and ethyl acetoacetate or acetyl acetone using snail shell as a natural catalyst. In this method the snail shell was used as green and reusable natural catalyst. Excellent yields, short reaction times and availability of the catalyst are the advantages of this method. © 2016 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Highlights
Compared with classical methods, the heterogeneous catalysis solid-liquid has been shown to have desirable effects on reactions performance such as: good yields, short reaction times, easier work-up procedure, formation of pure products in milder conditions and waste minimization
A simple, efficient and general method for the synthesis of 4H-pyrans is established through a multi component cyclocondensation of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile and ethyl acetoacetate or acetyl acetone using snail shell as a natural catalyst
We report a highly efficient route to the synthesis of 4H-pyran derivatives by cyclocondensation of aryl aldehydes, malononitrile, and ethyl acetoacetate or acetyl acetone using snail shell (SS) playing the role of ideal basic heterogeneous catalyst
Summary
The heterogeneous catalysis solid-liquid has been shown to have desirable effects on reactions performance such as: good yields, short reaction times, easier work-up procedure, formation of pure products in milder conditions and waste minimization. 4H-Pyran derivatives occupy an important place in the realm of synthetic organic chemistry because of their biological and pharmacological properties as anticancer, cytotoxic, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic.11 These compounds are a common structural unit in a number of natural products.. Many of the methods for the synthesis of 4H-pyrans are reported in the literature.15-21 These methods have their own merits, they still have significant limitations like harsh reaction conditions, low yields, long times reactions and use of synthetic catalysts. These findings stimulated our interest to develop new simple, efficient and green process for the synthesis of these ring systems derivatives. The snail shell has been utilized as natural source of calcium carbonate, as very effective coagulant in the treatment of waste water and as a source of calcium for the preparing nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite. the use of snail shell, abundant in Morocco, as a catalyst in the synthesis of organic compounds, in particular 4H-pyrans derivatives, has not been reported
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