Abstract
Multi-target tracking (MTT) is a challenging issue due to an unknown number of real targets, motion uncertainties, and coalescence behavior of sensor (such as radar) measurements. The conventional MTT systems deal with intractable computational complexities because they enumerate all feasible joint measurement-to-track association hypotheses and recursively calculate the a posteriori probabilities of each of these joint hypotheses. Therefore, the state-of-art MTT system demands bypassing the entire joint data association procedure. This research work utilizes linear multi-target (LM) tracking to treat feasible target detections followed by neighbored tracks as clutters. The LM integrated track splitting (LMITS) algorithm was developed without a smoothing application that produces substantial estimation errors. Smoothing refines the state estimation in order to reduce estimation errors for an efficient MTT. Therefore, we propose a novel Fixed Interval Smoothing LMITS (FIsLMITS) algorithm in the existing LMITS algorithm framework to improve MTT performance. This algorithm initializes forward and backward tracks employing LMITS separately using measurements collected from the sensor in each scan. The forward track recursion starts after the smoothing. Therefore, each forward track acquires backward multi-tracks that arrived from upcoming scans (future scans) while simultaneously associating them in a forward track for fusion and smoothing. Thus, forward tracks become more reliable for multi-target state estimation in difficult cluttered environments. Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to demonstrate FIsLMITS with improved state estimation accuracy and false track discrimination (FTD) in comparison to the existing MTT algorithms.
Highlights
In a multi-target tracking (MTT) system, this complexity is further increased by the problem of measurement coalescence
In order to incorporate an extended number of unknown targets, we propose fixed interval smoothing using LM integrated track splitting (LMITS) (FIsLMITS)
The FIsLMITS algorithm confirmed the true track of the potential target quite earlier in scan k = 5 and provided the highest number of confirmed true track (CTT) compared to other algorithms
Summary
The target tracking problem in general is a challenging problem due to measurement origin uncertainty. The LM method modifies the detected measurements followed by neighbor tracks as clutter measurements in order to obtain state estimates of the current track in each scan cycle Both LMIPDA and LMITS algorithms allow the MTT system to avoid computations related to the joint measurement hypothesis and joint data association procedure. The predicted smoothing components select the smoothing validation measurements from the set of sensor measurements to obtain multi-target state estimation of FIsLMITS track as well as forward track in each scan k. This implies that a forward track is refined using the smoothing, and it becomes robust due to the smoothing in each subsequent scan in the fixed interval.
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