Abstract

Minimum mean squared error (MMSE) fixed-lag smoothing is used in conjunction with DPCM (differential pulse code modulation) to develop a code generator employing delayed decoding. This smoothed DPCM (SDPCM) code generator is compared to DPCM and interpolative DPCM (IDPCM) code generators at rates 1 and 2 for tree coding several synthetic sources, as well as to a DPCM code/generator at rate 2 for speech sources. The (M,L) algorithm is used for tree searching, and SDPCM outperforms IDPCM and DPCM at rate 2 for synthetic sources with M=1, 4, 8, and 12, and at rate 1 with M>or=4. For speech, SDPCM provides a slight improvement in MSE (mean squared error) over DPCM codes, which is also evident in sound spectrograms and listening tests. >

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