Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between smoking status and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors compared with conventional agents. Materials & methods: We reviewed Phase II/IIItrials of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors that reported hazard ratio (HR) in current/former and never smoking patients. Results: 15qualifying trials comprising 9073 patients were eligible in this study. Compared with conventional agents, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors correlated with prolonged progression-free survival (HR: 0.73;0.58-0.92) and overall survival (HR: 0.75;0.71-0.80) in current/former smoker patients but not in never-smoker patients (HR: 1.15 and 0.86 for progression-free survival and overall survival, respectively; both p > 0.05) irrespective of cancer type, target of experimental agents and treatment strategy. Conclusion: There exitsmoking status-based efficacy difference in anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.
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