Abstract
The facts that confront midwives about the effects that smoking has on society is without question. The risk of lung cancer and coronary heart disease are just two of the serious conditions related to cigarette smoking. The evidence on harmful effects smoking and indeed passive smoking has on the health of mothers and babies is continually being produced. Golding's research (Health Education Authority, 1997a) provided evidence that pregnant women who smoke are also more likely to suffer from less serious conditions — such as nausea and vomiting – compared to women who do not smoke. Risks to the unborn baby such as low birthweight and stillbirth are well documented. Sudden infant death and respiratory problems in the newborn are also associated with smoking (Confidential Enquiry into Stillbirths and Deaths in Infancy, 1998).
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