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Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim of the work was to assess among pregnant women from small towns and villages in Poland: the prevalence of smoking, credibility of smoking, and influence of socioeconomic factors on smoking status.MethodsThe data came from 4512 interviews with women in different trimesters of pregnancy. The interviews were collected in 2007 and 2008 year in towns up to 8000 citizens in 12 voivodeships.ResultsPrevalence of smoking in the beginning of pregnancy was confirmed by 34.6 % of women. During the pregnancy 14.7 % of women declared quitting smoking and 19.9 % continued smoking. Cigarette smoking was most frequent in those with a primary education, unemployed, very low incomes in household, and having both smoking parents. In multifactorial analysis, risk of smoking was highest (95 % CI 1.74–6.06) for women that were divorced or not living with a partner compared with married.ConclusionsRates of active smoking among a population of pregnant women living in small towns in Poland are very high. Since the correlates of smoking during pregnancy are a low education level and a low economic status of the pregnant woman, these socioeconomic groups should be first priority targets.
Highlights
Tobacco smoking represents a huge health hazard for both a pregnant woman and her fetus and it represents the most important modifiable risk factor for fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality (U.S Department of Health and Human Services 2014)
We found that one in five women in the study continued smoking during their pregnancy (Fig. 1)
Should all the pregnant women who admitted to active smoking (19.9 %) and all those for whom the CO test count was at least 7 ppm (4.8 % of the entire tested population) be classified as active smokers, the resulting proportion would be 24.7 %
Summary
Tobacco smoking represents a huge health hazard for both a pregnant woman and her fetus and it represents the most important modifiable risk factor for fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality (U.S Department of Health and Human Services 2014). Poland is one of the countries in the region of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) that went through a political and economic transformation in early 1990s. Health indicators in these countries were at that time much worse than the corresponding figures reported for the 15 ‘old’ members of the European Union. In Poland and other EU member states, significant health disparities have been reported between people living in small towns with higher unemployment rates and people living in large cities (Wojtyniak et al 2012)
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