Abstract
This paper describes the different research projects aimed at developing artificial limbs with improved levels of functionality and control. These projects include the $7.2 million project awarded to the Providence VA Medical Center, Brown University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) by the US Department of Veterans Affairs (DoVA), which aims to create `biohybrid' limbs that integrate human tissue with a prosthesis controlled by the amputee's muscles and brain signals. Also, in a parallel programme, the US Department of Defense's Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) has put $70 million into prosthetic arm research. By 2009, DARPA plans to have a mechanical arm ready for clinical trials, controlled via the amputee's nervous system and with all the properties of a real limb.
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