Abstract
Urban transit system is an important part of city transportation, which is an interdisciplinary industry, including traffic engineering, operation research, and computer science. To provide smart services for passengers while applying the new technologies, it is necessary to build an optimal transit network and transit service. A smart transit system is processed from strategic planning, tactical planning, operational planning, transit evaluation to marketing and policy. For each stage, large quantities of related literature have been introduced from different perspectives. The aim of this research is to document the main smart urban transit models, topics and implementations for future references and research in each stage. For the planning part, this paper first summarized the objectives, constraints, algorithms, and implications of the models currently in use and classified the objectives and constraints with classic category and new category. The prominent topics and potential research were captured clearly when comparing the two categories. The methodologies for solving those models were proposed and the genetic algorithm and simulated annealing have been mostly used, which will be helpful for filling the gaps for further research. Despite of the model updates, this study also summarized the application trends such as integrated network design in strategic planning, synchronization and timetable recovery from disruption in tactical and operational planning. To improve the transit system and service, evaluation models on service reliability, service accessibility, timetable robustness, and energy consuming are proposed, which highlight the gap between the idealized service and the real service. Some flexible fare scheme, investments, and commercial strategies are discussed in the financial part. The conclusion highlighted the future scope of the smart urban transit in passenger demand management, travel information service, facility and service optimization and shared mobility, in order to make it more convenient for the passengers and more friendly to the environment.
Highlights
Transportation influences the form of cities and their livability, their economic, social, and environmental characteristics
To improve the transit system and service, evaluation models on service reliability, service accessibility, timetable robustness, and energy consuming are proposed, which highlight the gap between the idealized service and the real service
A nonlinear multiobjective model for optimal schedule could be designed, which is able to maximize schedule reliability and minimize energy consumption, rolling stock, and crew deployment. Another possible strategy for obtaining a full integration is to design a framework that consists of a closed loop in which each rescheduling phase is solved by an efficient algorithm to find a feasible solution and get feedback from the other phases in order to obtain a better feasible solution for the whole system [90]
Summary
Transportation influences the form of cities and their livability, their economic, social, and environmental characteristics. The increasing transportation demand creates more and more mobility-related problems. Most of the big cities are facing the problem of traffic congestion [1–4]. As urban transit has great possibilities for reducing traffic congestion, offering alternative transportation modes, and contributing greatly to the quality of urban life, urban. Network Design Service Design Transit Evaluation Marketing and Policy transit system (bus system, rail transit system, and mass transit system) has begun to grow [5, 6]. How to build the smart transit system considering all the related perspectives? The technologies and the transit network and service planning are needed to make the system more smart and intelligent. A set of subproblems including traffic design problem, transit evaluation, and marketing and policy models are proposed to build the smart transit system
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