Smart Sensors from Ground to Cloud and Web Intelligence

Abstract

With the development of sensing, wireless communication, and Internet technologies, we are now living in a world that is filled with various smart things – the Internet of Things (IOT). This paper introduces and prospects an emerging research area – the Embedded Intelligence (EI). This field aims at revealing the individual behaviours, spatial contexts, as well as social patterns and urban dynamics by mining the digital traces left by people while interacting with Internet of smart things (cameras, smart cars, smart cards, etc). In the agricultural sector we add mining of existing technology (books, articles, blue prints) to generate high depth ontologies or metadata and knowledge extraction from Big Data for reasoning and making pro-active decisions using open data information. We include intelligent data analysis to discover new knowledge from data records. The paper discusses the research history, characteristics, general architecture, major applications, and research issues of EI and exemplifies an application of the team in IOT smart irrigation. The purpose of presenting it as a Technology Roadmap (TRM) was to clarify the challenges and opportunities in the general area of “Intelligent Building Technologies” (IBT) and more specifically to smart greenhouses, smart irrigation, or smart crop management. The understanding of smart agriculture is important to be identified by the scientific community as a significant issue because it is needed for nations to develop and adopt these emerging technologies. Global interoperability is of key importance, and so it is a common understanding of values such as privacy and security, based on open, fair and transparent international standards.