Smart residential electricity distribution system (SREDS) for demand response under smart grid environment

Abstract

The present research work attempts to develop a Smart Residential Electricity Distribution System (SREDS) for enabling Smart Residences (SR) to participate in Demand Response (DR) schemes of Power Distribution Company (PDC) with either Flat Rate tariff, Time of Use tariff or Real Time Pricing. SREDS includes a Smart Energy Meter (SEM) enabled with Internet of Things, an Intelligent Residential Load Management System (IRLMS) with Wi-Fi connectivity, distributed Wi-Fi enabled Smart Load Nodes (SLN) and Smart Battery Charing/Discharging Controller (SBCDC). The SEM receives the key parameters such as electricity pricing, maximum demand limit, etc. as per the DR schemes from the PDC through Meter Data Management System (MDMS) using Internet. IRLMS receives the required operational timings of the loads as per the desire and comfort of the user either through the user interface or from the SLN connected to the appliances participating in DR. If the SR is equipped with battery storage system, then the battery units are interfaced with the IRLMS through SBCDC. The present status of the battery is communicated to IRLMS by SBCDC. The communication between SEM, IRLMS, SLNs and SBCDC is established through Home Area Network using Wi-Fi. The IRLMS processes the PDC parameters and load requirements, and executes an optimization algorithm to find the best possible scheduling of appliances in order to get minimized electricity bill. The SEM communicates back the energy consumption data to the PDC through MDMS.