Abstract
The present review presents the most recent developments concerning the application of sensory polymers in the detection and quantification of different target species. We will firstly describe the main polymers that are being employed as sensory polymers, including, for example, conducting or acrylate-based polymers. In the second part of the review, we will briefly describe the different mechanisms of detection and the target species, such as metal cations and anions, explosives, and biological and biomedical substances. To conclude, we will describe the advancements in recent years concerning the fabrication of micro and nano sensory devices based on smart polymers, with a bibliographic revision of the research work published between 2005 and today, with special emphasis on research work presented since 2010. A final section exposing the perspectives and challenges of this interesting research line will end the present review article.
Highlights
Sensory or smart polymers present the ability to respond, reversibly or irreversibly, to different stimuli
The research devoted to the synthesis and analysis of the properties of these polymers has increased greatly in recent years, and they are starting to being used in a great variety of sectors, including biosensors [5], biomedical applications [6] and drug delivery [7]
The interaction between the sensor species or receptor motif and the guest in the smart polymer has led to the generation of different materials that are able to be used as sensory devices [8]
Summary
Sensory or smart polymers present the ability to respond, reversibly or irreversibly, to different stimuli. The analyte, or target species, produces a quantitative response in the sensory molecule, in terms of a noticeable physical property, which must be properly detected and quantified through recognition and transduction processes, producing an measurable macroscopic characteristic [9]. We will present the mechanisms of detection and the main target species that are currently detect a specific analyte in the presence of other target molecules (in a so-called interference analysis). We will describe the main sensory devices that employ descriptions of the different smart polymers that are used in sensory applications are detailed. 10–15 years, especially those focused micro- and second, will been present the mechanisms of detection and the main target species thaton arethe currently being immobilized usinga sensory polymericand materials, including the quickly evolving nanoscale.
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