Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) has come of age, and complex solutions can now be implemented seamlessly within urban governance and management frameworks and processes. For cities, growing rates of car ownership are rendering parking availability a challenge and lowering the quality of life through increased carbon emissions. The development of smart parking solutions is thus necessary to reduce the time spent looking for parking and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The principal role of this research paper is to analyze smart parking solutions from a technical perspective, underlining the systems and sensors that are available, as documented in the literature. The review seeks to provide comprehensive insights into the building of smart parking solutions. A holistic survey of the current state of smart parking systems should incorporate the classification of such systems as big vehicular detection technologies. Finally, communication modules are presented with clarity.
Highlights
The emergence of automobiles in the transportation sector brought about unprecedented changes, including increased flexibility in travel and the movement of goods, as well as the growth of various economic sectors
Before the emergence of the smart parking system, cities relied on electronic parking services that involved the use of parking meters that were not wholly automated
The new smart parking system needs the installation of wireless sensors in individual, single parking on streets [77]
Summary
The emergence of automobiles in the transportation sector brought about unprecedented changes, including increased flexibility in travel and the movement of goods, as well as the growth of various economic sectors. Automobiles have given rise to some notable challenges that have gradually reached a level requiring urgent solutions. Such challenges include environmental degradation, emissions, and noise. Automobiles have contributed to economic issues associated with traffic jams that are rampant in most cities. Automobiles have gradually come to pose a challenge to city planners, especially in terms of ensuring that the increasing influx of automobiles may be accommodated, through both the construction of roads and the creation of enough parking spaces [3,4,5]
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