Smart Paints

Abstract

People have been using paints for quite a long time to protect metals and decorate metal-based articles. The most recent requirements are constantly pushing researchers and developers to come up with better systems. In this chapter smart paints, which have an interactive behavior, are discussed. First, antifouling paints for underwater use are discussed by tracking their development from tin-based self-polishing paint to low surface energy silicone/fluorinated polymer. The nature of the action and the molecular mechanism are included to provide a better understanding. Variations of antifouling paints detailed include fluorine-/silicone-based coatings, self-stratified coatings, amphiphilic copolymers, and PEG-based materials. The chapter also presents foul release polymer nanocomposites because of their specific action to prevent fouling. Engineered micro-topographies, produced as bio-mimetic antifouling strategies, bacteria-resistant polymer brush coatings, anti-adhesion coating, bioactive coatings, contact killing coating, etc. are introduced as very innovative strategies. New metal-organic framework-based antifouling coatings are also mentioned. This is followed by a section on corrosion-resistant coatings. Conducting polymers and their nanocomposite-based coatings and the results of some field studies are then presented. Stimulated protective bio films are also discussed as corrosion-resistant material. The chapter then offers various visible camouflage paints and their applications in aircraft camouflage or building camouflage and their mechanic details. The role of pigments in thermal camouflage and the spectral properties of resins are discussed along with the design of camouflage coatings. Radar camouflage and the coatings based on various active materials are then detailed. Coating-based degradation of a chemical warfare agent is also introduced as an advanced system. The chapter concludes with sections on different types of paints and coatings: self-healing paints; intumescent fire-retardant coatings; self-cleaning coatings, and self-stratified coatings.